Free. In person at Eastern State Penitentiary Historic Site.
Advanced registration required.
Registration link forthcoming.

This panel delves into the deep and troubling history of solitary confinement in the American prison system, examining how a practice initially intended for reflection and repentance evolved into a widespread and controversial form of punishment. From its inception in the early 19th century to its pervasive use today, solitary confinement has sparked debates about human rights, mental health, and the ethics of isolation. 

Bringing together historians, legal scholars, mental health experts, and advocates for prison reform, this discussion will explore the origins of solitary confinement in the United States, beginning with the establishment of the first penitentiaries, where isolation was seen as a means to encourage penitence and moral reform. Over time, however, the practice shifted, becoming a tool of control and punishment, often with devastating consequences for those subjected to it. 

The panel will also address the evolution of solitary confinement practices, from the early experiments at places like Eastern State Penitentiary to the modern supermax prisons, where prolonged isolation has become the norm. The discussion will highlight solitary confinement's psychological and physical effects, drawing on historical and contemporary examples. It will explore the growing movement to reform or abolish the practice. 

Through this historical lens, the panel aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the roots and repercussions of solitary confinement, examining how a practice intended to reform has often led to profound harm. By understanding this history, the discussion will consider the ongoing debate about the role of solitary confinement in the modern prison system and what steps can be taken to address its most damaging aspects. 

Justice 101 is a discussion series examining the history of the justice system in America, from its founding to today, and the impact it has on society, citizens, and the world. Justice 101 programs are free and take place monthly. You can join us live at the times listed, or watch the discussions back anytime on YouTube. Justice 101 is designed for learners of all ages.